AALVI C
SANA FATHIMA K 
SHAHANA K K

Earthquakes pose a major threat to the structural integrity and safety of buildings, especially
in seismic-prone regions. Conventional structures are designed to resist lateral forces through
strength and ductility, but they often sustain significant damage during strong ground
motions. To overcome this limitation, the base isolation technique has emerged as an
effective method to enhance seismic performance. This study focuses on the analysis and
design of an earthquake-resistant building using base isolation, where isolators are introduced
between the foundation and the superstructure to decouple the building from ground
vibrations. The use of lead-rubber bearings (LRB) and high-damping rubber bearings (HDRB)
is explored to reduce acceleration, inter-storey drift, and structural damage. Comparative
analysis between a fixed-base and an isolated-base structure is performed using dynamic
analysis methods. Results indicate that base isolation significantly improves the building
performance by reducing seismic forces and enhancing occupant safety. This technique
provides a cost-effective and reliable solution for protecting structures and their contents
during earthquakes.

Keywords: Base isolation, Earthquake resistant design, lead rubber bearing, seismic analysis,
Structural dynamics, vibration control.